Data Transfer over Network
Networking and Layers
Key Concepts
Protocols: A protocol is a set of rules and standards that govern the communication between devices on a network. Common protocols used for data transfer include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, and SSH.
IP addresses: An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to devices on a network. IP addresses are used to route data between devices on a network.
Ports: A port is a number that identifies a specific process or service running on a device. Ports are used to direct data to the appropriate application on a device.
Packets: Data is broken up into smaller packets for transmission over a network. Each packet contains a portion of the data, as well as information about its destination, source, and position in the overall message.
Routing: The process of directing data between devices on a network is known as routing. Routers are responsible for determining the best path for data to take through a network.
Bandwidth: Bandwidth refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given period of time. Higher bandwidth means more data can be transferred more quickly.
Latency: Latency refers to the amount of time it takes for data to travel from its source to its destination. Lower latency means data can be transferred more quickly.
Firewalls: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic. Firewalls can be configured to restrict certain types of traffic or block access to specific devices or services.
VPNs: A virtual private network (VPN) is a secure connection between two devices over a public network. VPNs are commonly used to provide remote access to corporate networks or to encrypt internet traffic to protect against eavesdropping or data theft.
Different Layers
Physical Layer: The physical layer is the lowest layer in the OSI (Open System interconnection) model and is responsible for the actual transmission of data over a physical medium. This layer defines the physical characteristics of the communication medium, such as electrical, optical, or wireless signals.
Data Link Layer: The data link layer is responsible for transmitting data between adjacent network nodes. It provides error detection and correction mechanisms and defines the format and structure of data frames.
Network Layer: The network layer is responsible for routing data between nodes on a network. It selects the best path for data to take and handles traffic congestion and network traffic flow.
Transport Layer: The transport layer provides end-to-end data delivery services and ensures the reliable delivery of data. It also handles flow control and error recovery.
Session Layer: The session layer establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between applications running on different devices. It provides services such as session checkpointing and recovery and handles security and authentication.
Presentation Layer: The presentation layer is responsible for the formatting and presentation of data to the application layer. It provides services such as data compression, encryption, and decryption.
Application Layer: The application layer is the highest layer in the OSI model and is responsible for providing services to applications that use the network. It defines protocols and services for tasks such as email, file transfer, and remote access.
SSL and TLS
TLS is based on SSL, built over it in response to the known vulnerabilities of SSLv3
SSL/TLS provides data encryption, data integrity and authentication.
This means that when using SSL/TLS you can be confident that
No one has read your message
No one has changed your message
You are communicating with the intended person (server)
TCP
References
Last updated
Was this helpful?